P Palthera
Signalling Peptides

Melanotan-2

MT-II / Melanotan II

Melanotan-2 is a synthetic cyclic seven- of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) that activates multiple melanocortin (notably MC4R). It is not approved as a medicine in any jurisdiction. PT-141 (bremelanotide) was developed from the same cyclic scaffold but is a distinct, separately-approved compound.

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Signalling Peptides
Classification
Synthetic cyclic α-MSH analogue · Not approved for human use in any jurisdiction
Research stage
Preclinical animal pharmacology; documented adverse-event case reports in unregulated human use
Sequence
Ac-Nle-cyclo[Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2
Molecular weight
1024.18 Da

Snapshot

Key takeaways

A three-bullet snapshot before reading the full dossier.

  1. 01

    Cyclic α-MSH with broader melanocortin activity than melanotan-1.

  2. 02

    Not approved for human use in any jurisdiction; documented adverse-event case reports exist in the dermatology literature.

  3. 03

    PT-141 / bremelanotide is a structurally related but distinct, separately FDA-approved compound.

Dossier overview

4

research areas

3

references

3

handling notes

01

Mechanism of action

Melanotan-2 activates multiple melanocortin , with significant activity at MC3R and MC4R alongside the MC1R pigmentation pathway. The broader MC4R activity is implicated in the central effects (sexual response, appetite suppression) seen alongside skin pigmentation in research models.

02

Research applications

  • Melanocortin pharmacology
  • Central nervous system MC4R signalling research
  • Animal models of sexual response and appetite
  • Dermatology adverse-event surveillance literature

Evidence at a glance

What's behind this profile

3 citations · 2005–2023

Human
1

Studies in human volunteers or patients (incl. early-phase trials).

Animal
2

Studies in rodents or other animal models.

Publication years

  1. 05
  2. 06
  3. 07
  4. 08
  5. 09
  6. 10
  7. 11
  8. 12
  9. 13
  10. 14
  11. 15
  12. 16
  13. 17
  14. 18
  15. 19
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  18. 22
  19. 23
20052023

Counts are derived from the cited studies below. A study covering both in vivo and in vitro work is counted by its primary model. Sample size is reported in 1 of 3 citations. Findings remain model-specific and are not extrapolated to therapeutic use.

03

Study references

Each profile cites a minimum of two peer-reviewed sources, with model type and reported sample size where the source provides it. Findings are model-specific and must not be extrapolated to therapeutic use.

The use of telemetry technology to test the proerectile effect of melanotan-II (MT-II) in conscious rats

2005

Giuliano F et al. · European Urology

Model
In vivo — telemetry-monitored conscious rats
Sample
Not reported in abstract

Reported significantly increased erectile activity in conscious rats receiving Melanotan-II versus saline controls.

PMID 15967265 DOI 10.1016/j.eururo.2005.02.023

Melanoma associated with the use of melanotan-II

2014

Hjuler KF et al. · Dermatology

Model
Single-patient case report
Sample
n=1

A 20-year-old woman developed melanoma following self-injection of melanotan-II combined with tanning bed exposure — one of several adverse-event case reports in the dermatology literature.

PMID 24355990 DOI 10.1159/000356389

Melanotan-II reverses memory impairment induced by a short-term high-fat diet

2023

Wekwejt P et al. · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

Model
In vivo — zebrafish model of diet-induced memory impairment
Sample
Not reported in abstract

Reported that Melanotan-II reversed high-fat-diet-induced memory and behavioural impairment in the zebrafish model used.

PMID 37478579 DOI 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115129

Evidence caveats

  • Melanotan-2 is not approved for human use in any jurisdiction. Dermatology literature documents multiple adverse-event case reports including melanoma association, dysplastic nevi, and nausea/vomiting in unregulated human use.
  • Product purity and identity are not assured for material sold through unregulated channels. Research-only context is the appropriate frame.

04

Storage and handling

Store under controlled laboratory conditions with batch and preparation details recorded.

  • Research-only inventory; not for human use.
  • Maintain batch traceability and avoid repeated cycles where not protocol-supported.
  • The compound is sold widely through unregulated channels; product , identity, and dose are not assured outside research-grade suppliers.