Dossier overview
4
research areas
3
references
3
handling notes
01
Mechanism of action
Research literature associates GHK-Cu with copper transport, gene-expression shifts relevant to wound repair, and modulation of collagen and elastin-related markers in cell and tissue models.
02
Research applications
- signalling and gene-expression studies
- and collagen research
- Topical formulation and delivery research
- Animal-model wound and tissue research
Evidence at a glance
What's behind this profile
3 citations · 2015–2023
- Animal
- 1
- In vitro
- 1
- Review
- 1
Studies in rodents or other animal models.
Cell, tissue, or biochemical assays outside a living organism.
Narrative or systematic reviews; no primary data.
Publication years
- 15
- 16
- 17
- 18
- 19
- 20
- 21
- 22
- 23
Counts are derived from the cited studies below. A study covering both in vivo and in vitro work is counted by its primary model. Sample size is reported in 1 of 3 citations. Findings remain model-specific and are not extrapolated to therapeutic use.
03
Study references
Each profile cites a minimum of two peer-reviewed sources, with model type and reported sample size where the source provides it. Findings are model-specific and must not be extrapolated to therapeutic use.
Tripeptide-copper complex GHK-Cu(II) transiently improved healing outcome in a rat model of ACL reconstruction
2015
Fu SC et al. · Journal of Orthopaedic Research
- Model
- In vivo — Wistar rats (ACL reconstruction model)
- Sample
- n=72 rats
Intra-articular GHK-Cu was associated with improved knee laxity and graft stiffness at 6 weeks post-reconstruction; benefits diminished by 12 weeks after treatment ended.
Regenerative and Protective Actions of the GHK-Cu Peptide in the Light of the New Gene Data
2018
Pickart L et al. · International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Model
- Narrative review
- Sample
- N/A (review)
Reviewed gene-expression and tissue-model literature describing GHK effects on collagen synthesis, repair markers, and cellular protection across skin, lung, bone, and liver tissues.
Liposomes as Carriers of GHK-Cu Tripeptide for Cosmetic Application
2023
Dymek M et al. · Pharmaceutics
- Model
- In vitro — liposomal formulation with enzymatic assays
- Sample
- Not reported in abstract
GHK-Cu-loaded liposomes formed stable nanoparticle systems with measurable elastase-inhibition activity .
Evidence caveats
- Most primary data come from in vitro assays and topical formulation studies; in vivo animal data and human-skin investigations exist but vary widely in design.
- Findings are model-specific and should not be extrapolated to clinical outcomes.
04
Storage and handling
Store per supplier guidance, protected from excess heat, light, and moisture.
- Protect from excess light and moisture during laboratory storage.
- Use controlled labelling for copper-complexed samples.
- Record supplier-specific and lot information.
05
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