P Palthera
Growth Factors

MGF

Mechano-Growth Factor / IGF-1Ec E-peptide / PEG-MGF (pegylated form)

MGF is the E-domain peptide of the IGF-1Ec splice variant. The full-length IGF-1Ec transcript is upregulated in muscle in response to mechanical stress, and synthetic E-domain peptides have been studied for effects on muscle satellite cells, cartilage, and peripheral nerves in rodent and models.

Add to comparison Subscribe
Abstract reference visual for Growth Factors.
Growth Factors
Classification
Mechano-growth factor — alternatively spliced IGF-1 isoform (IGF-1Ec) E-domain peptide
Research stage
Preclinical (rodent and in vitro) literature
Sequence
YQPPSTNKNTKSQRRKGSTFEERK (E-domain of IGF-1Ec)
Molecular weight
Approximately 2867 Da (unmodified E-peptide)

Snapshot

Key takeaways

A three-bullet snapshot before reading the full dossier.

  1. 01

    MGF is the E-domain of the IGF-1Ec splice variant, not a separate gene product.

  2. 02

    Published research is dominated by rodent and work; clinical evidence is limited.

  3. 03

    Pegylated variants (PEG-MGF) are used in research to extend relative to unmodified E-peptide.

Dossier overview

3

research areas

3

references

3

handling notes

01

Mechanism of action

The MGF E-peptide is proposed to act independently of the mature IGF-1 pathway, with rodent and studies reporting effects on satellite-cell activation, proliferation, and protection of post-mitotic cells. Receptor identity and remain incompletely characterised.

02

Research applications

  • Muscle satellite-cell activation studies
  • Cartilage and articular repair rodent models
  • Peripheral-neuropathy protection

Evidence at a glance

What's behind this profile

3 citations · 2010–2023

In vitro
1

Cell, tissue, or biochemical assays outside a living organism.

Review
2

Narrative or systematic reviews; no primary data.

Publication years

  1. 10
  2. 11
  3. 12
  4. 13
  5. 14
  6. 15
  7. 16
  8. 17
  9. 18
  10. 19
  11. 20
  12. 21
  13. 22
  14. 23
20102023

Counts are derived from the cited studies below. A study covering both in vivo and in vitro work is counted by its primary model. Sample size is reported in 0 of 3 citations. Findings remain model-specific and are not extrapolated to therapeutic use.

03

Study references

Each profile cites a minimum of two peer-reviewed sources, with model type and reported sample size where the source provides it. Findings are model-specific and must not be extrapolated to therapeutic use.

Research progress of mechano-growth factor in degenerative musculoskeletal diseases

2023

Liu R et al. · Regenerative Therapy

Model
Narrative review
Sample
N/A (review)

Reviews evidence for MGF E-peptide activity in cartilage and bone repair models and discusses -pathway uncertainties.

PMID 37171185 DOI 10.1016/j.reth.2023.04.005

Mechano-growth factor E-peptide attenuates cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy

2020

Podratz JL et al. · Experimental Neurology

Model
In vitro — rat dorsal-root-ganglion neuron cultures
Sample
Not reported in abstract

Reported MGF E-peptide preserved DRG neurite outgrowth in cisplatin-exposed cultures.

PMID 32511954 DOI 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113360

Minireview: Mechano-growth factor: a putative product of IGF-I gene expression involved in tissue repair and regeneration

2010

Matheny RW Jr, Nindl BC, Adamo ML · Endocrinology

Model
Mini-review
Sample
N/A (review)

Mini-review of the IGF-1Ec splice variant, the E-peptide it encodes, and reported effects in muscle and other tissues.

PMID 20130113 DOI 10.1210/en.2009-1217

Evidence caveats

  • No controlled human trials of synthetic MGF indexed on PubMed at time of writing.
  • Receptor identity and downstream signalling for the isolated E-peptide are not fully characterised.
  • WADA-prohibited under the S2 Peptide Hormones / Growth Factors category — relevant for athlete cohorts.

04

Storage and handling

Typically stored in a cool, dry environment under controlled laboratory conditions per supplier documentation.

  • Use supplier documentation for batch-specific handling.
  • Limit repeated cycles during research inventory handling.
  • Document date and storage condition where applicable.

Common questions

MGF FAQ

Plain-English answers backed by the citations on this profile — what it is, what's been studied, regulatory status, evidence limits.

Open FAQ

View full Growth Factors